Thursday, January 25, 2024
Wednesday, January 24, 2024
USB Keyboard telegraphic CW keyer
USB Keyboard telegraphic CW keyer for Ham radios
 |
| Circuit and Program by VU3AVE Anish VR, North Paravur Phone: +91 9995957776 |
Use USB / PS2 keyboard to send cw message : Using Arduino nano
Thanks to VU3AJU Ajan PJ, Moothakunnam for code support
Find video details at: www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y5XYUysJYd8
Sending CW in ameature radio
Using a Computer Keyboard (PS/2 model or USB model)
for typing and sending cw telegraphic codes is the discussion here.
Code reference from: https://www.codeproject.com/Articles/1250929/Sending-Morse-Code-with-your-Arduino
http://www.arduino.cc/playground/Main/PS2Keyboard
http://www.pjrc.com/teensy/td_libs_PS2Keyboard.html
This code modified for “String” variable for convenience of adding a keyboard
Support ( thanks to AJAN PJ, VU3AJU )
Features
- Use USB or PS2 keyboard to send CW directly
- Speed up / down using arrow keys
- Preset messages sending
Hardware
- Arduino nano
- PS2 keyboard
- 8 ohm speaker
- Buzzer (optional)
- BC148 (1 nos), 10 K ohm ( 2 nos)
Wire Connections:
PS2 Keyboard - to - Arduino nano
OR
USB keyboard - to - Arduino nano
V = connected to + 5V of Arduino
G - Ground = connected to GND of Arduino
D - Data = connected Pin = 8 DataPin of Arduino [ or D+ pin of USB keyboard ]
C - Clock = connected Pin = 3 , IRQpin of Arduino [ or D- pin of USB keyboard ]
for more information you can read the original wiki in arduino.cc at
http://www.arduino.cc/playground/Main/PS2Keyboard
OR
http://www.pjrc.com/teensy/td_libs_PS2Keyboard.html
Speaker connection
Pin 7 of .Arduino nano is connected through a 100 mico farad capacitor to 8 ohm speaker, and other end of the speaker is connected to ground, GND
This provide tone() while speeding Up and Down keyer speed (WPM)
CW Key connection
Pin 13 of Arduino is connected through 10 K ohm resistance to Base of BC148 transistor. Its Emitter is connected to common ground, GND.
Collector if BC148 connected to CW KEY , centre lead of the Transceiver RIG
Arduino is given +5 volt via its own USB connector.
IMPORTANT
1. Used shield wire for PTT / KEY outgoing wires
2. Use RF choke, by looping wires through toroids, in 9V DC line
Hardware used
Arduino nano
Connection Diagram
USB Keyboard Modification
Popular keyboard nowadays is the USB keyboard.
Use the connections change as the below figure and this programme
Work smoothly on the usb keyboard too!!
Arduino nano PIN | USB keyboard Pin | PS2 keyboard Pin |
5V | 5V | 5V |
GND | GND | GND |
D3 |
| Clock (c) |
D8 |
| Data (d) |
Use " ps2keyboard "Library by Christian Weichel, Paul Stoffregan
Source Code DOWNLOAD FROM GITHUB
// code begin here
#include <PS2Keyboard.h>
// PS2 KEYBOARD
const int DataPin = 8; // DATA out of ps2 keyboard
const int IRQpin = 3; // for arduino nano //clock out of ps2 keyboard
PS2Keyboard keyboard;
// AUTOMATIC KEYER USING PADDLE AND USB/PS2 KEYBOARD
int Maximum_speed_WPM=30;
int Minimum_speed_WPM=3;
int P_DOT = 2; // Connects to the dot lever of the paddle
int P_DASH = 4; // Connects to the dash lever of the paddle 3 to 4
int P_AUDIO = 7; // Audio output
// int P_AUDIO = 12; // Audio output
int P_CW = 13; // Output of the keyer, connect to your radio
#define P_SPEED A0 // Attached to center pin of potmeter, allows you
int speed;
////////////////////////////// CW sender/////
String mappings[] = {
".-", // A
"-...",
"-.-.",
"-..",
".",
"..-.",
"--.",
"....",
"..",
".---",
"-.-",
".-..",
"--",
"-.",
"---",
".--.",
"--.-",
".-.",
"...",
"-",
"..-",
"...-",
".--",
"-..-",
"-.--",
"--..", // Z
".----", // 1
"..---",
"...--",
"....-",
".....",
"-....",
"--...",
"---..",
"----.",
"-----", // 0
"..--..", // ?
".-.-.-", // .
"--..--", // ,
"-..-.", // /
"...-.-" // @
};
String morsecode;
String message;
const String characters = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz1234567890?.,/";
int sm_time;
int time_step=100; // initial timer
int TIME_UNIT;
String inputString = ""; // a String to hold incoming data
bool stringComplete = false; // whether the string is complete
////////////////////////////
int KEY_PIN=13; // relay drive to transimit cw in port
// tone frequency for speaker
int notes[] = {
1047, 1319, 1175, 1568
};
void setup() {
delay(1000);
keyboard.begin(DataPin, IRQpin);
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println("Keyboard Test:");
pinMode(13, OUTPUT); // connect a buzzer at pin 13 to listen cw
pinMode(9, OUTPUT); // connect and LED in pin 9
pinMode(6, OUTPUT); // Local speaker or LED
// reserve 200 bytes for the inputString:
inputString.reserve(200);
pinMode(P_DOT, INPUT);
pinMode(P_DASH, INPUT);
pinMode(P_AUDIO, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(P_CW, LOW); // Start with key up
// sound welcome tone
speeddown();
speedup();
// speeddown_mute();
speedup_mute();
}
void loop() {
//// LAMBIC KEYER START
speed = 60000 / (map(analogRead(P_SPEED), 0, 1023, Maximum_speed_WPM, Minimum_speed_WPM) * 73);
// speed = 100;
if(!digitalRead(P_DOT)) // If the dot lever is presssed..
{
keyAndBeep(speed); // ... send a dot at the given speed
delay(speed); // and wait before sending next
}
if(!digitalRead(P_DASH)) // If the dash lever is pressed...
{
keyAndBeep(speed*3); // ... send a dash at the given speed
delay(speed); // and wait before sending next
}
//// LAMBIC KEYER CLOSE
// print the string when a newline arrives:
if (stringComplete)
{
Serial.println(inputString);
message=inputString;
digitalWrite(9,HIGH);
delay(100);
int result= messagetocw();
digitalWrite(9,LOW);
// clear the string:
inputString = "";
stringComplete = false;
}
// print the string when a newline arrives:
if (keyboard.available()) {
// read the next key
char c = keyboard.read();
// check for some of the special keys
if (c == PS2_ENTER) {
// Serial.println();
} else if (c == PS2_TAB) {
Serial.print("[Tab]");
message="vu2acc";
digitalWrite(9,HIGH);
delay(100);
int result= messagetocw();
digitalWrite(9,LOW);
} else if (c == PS2_ESC) {
// Serial.print("[ESC]");
message="hi";
digitalWrite(9,HIGH);
delay(100);
int result= messagetocw();
digitalWrite(9,LOW);
} else if (c == PS2_PAGEDOWN) {
//Serial.print("[PgDn]");
message="qrz?";
digitalWrite(9,HIGH);
delay(100);
int result= messagetocw();
digitalWrite(9,LOW);
} else if (c == PS2_PAGEUP) {
//Serial.print("[PgUp]");
message="cq cq cq de vu2acc vu2acc vu2acc pse k";
digitalWrite(9,HIGH);
delay(100);
int result= messagetocw();
digitalWrite(9,LOW);
} else if (c == PS2_LEFTARROW) {
Serial.print("[Left]");
} else if (c == PS2_RIGHTARROW) {
Serial.print("[Right]");
} else if (c == PS2_DELETE) {
// Serial.print("[Del/Backspace]");
message="de vu2acc tks fer qso 73 tu i";
digitalWrite(9,HIGH);
delay(100);
int result= messagetocw();
digitalWrite(9,LOW);
} else if (c == PS2_UPARROW) {
//Serial.print("[Up]- Speed UP");
speedup();
} else if (c == PS2_DOWNARROW) {
//Serial.print("[Down]- Speed DOWN");
speeddown();
} else if (c =='=') {
//Serial.print("CQ Call");
message="cq cq cq de vu2acc vu2acc vu2acc k";
digitalWrite(9,HIGH);
delay(100);
int result= messagetocw();
digitalWrite(9,LOW);
} else if (c == '?') {
// Serial.print("qrz call");
message="qrz ? de vu2acc k";
digitalWrite(9,HIGH);
delay(100);
int result= messagetocw();
digitalWrite(9,LOW);
} else if (c == '-') {
message="de vu2acc tks fer qso 73 tu i";
digitalWrite(9,HIGH);
delay(100);
int result= messagetocw();
digitalWrite(9,LOW);
} else if (c == '%') {
message="hi";
digitalWrite(9,HIGH);
delay(100);
int result= messagetocw();
digitalWrite(9,LOW);
} else {
// otherwise, just print all normal characters
Serial.print(c);
///test
message=c;
digitalWrite(9,HIGH);
delay(100);
int result= messagetocw();
digitalWrite(9,LOW);
///test
}
}// 'if' is close
}// LOOP() close
////LAMBIC FUNCTIONS START
// Key the transmitter and sound a beep
void keyAndBeep(int speed)
{
digitalWrite(P_CW, HIGH); // Key down
for (int i=0; i < speed; i++) // Beep loop
{
digitalWrite(P_AUDIO, HIGH);
delay(1);
digitalWrite(P_AUDIO, LOW);
delay(1);
}
digitalWrite(P_CW, LOW); // Key up
}
////LAMBIC FUNCTIONS CLOSE
void speedup()
{
time_step=time_step-10;
if(time_step<=10)
{
time_step=10;
}
for (int thisSensor = 0; thisSensor < 4; thisSensor++) {
tone(7, notes[thisSensor]);
delay(time_step);
noTone(7);
}
}
void speeddown()
{
time_step=time_step+10;
for (int thisSensor = 3; thisSensor >= 0; thisSensor--) {
tone(7, notes[thisSensor]);
delay(time_step);
noTone(7);
}
}
void speedup_mute(){
time_step=time_step-10;
if(time_step<=10)
{
time_step=10;
}
}
int messagetocw()
{
// FUNCTION messagetocw() START
// int size = strlen(message);
int size = message.length();
int TIME_UNIT = 50; // default time for DIT
///
if(TIME_UNIT==time_step)
{
}
else
{
TIME_UNIT=time_step;
}
///
if(TIME_UNIT<=10)
{
TIME_UNIT=10;
time_step=10;
}
///
const int DOT = TIME_UNIT;
const int DASH = 3 * TIME_UNIT;
const int SYMBOL_SPACE = TIME_UNIT;
const int LETTER_SPACE = 3 * TIME_UNIT - SYMBOL_SPACE;
const int WORD_SPACE = 7 * TIME_UNIT - LETTER_SPACE;
message.toLowerCase();
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
// const char* ch = strchr(characters, tolower(message[i]));
char ch = characters.charAt(characters.indexOf(message.charAt(i)));//
// if (ch != NULL){
if (ch != '\0'){
// int position = ch-characters;
int position = characters.indexOf(message.charAt(i));
morsecode = mappings[position];
// int count = strlen(morsecode);
int count = morsecode.length();
//Serial.print("symbol ");
//Serial.print(message[i]);
//Serial.print(" is in position ");
//Serial.print(position);
//Serial.print("\n");
//Serial.print(morsecode);
//Serial.print("\n---------------\n");
for( int j=0; j< count; j++)
{
char symbol = morsecode[j];
if(symbol =='.')
{
sm_time = DOT;
}
if(symbol =='-')
{
sm_time = DASH;
}
digitalWrite(KEY_PIN, HIGH);
delay(sm_time);
digitalWrite(KEY_PIN, LOW);
delay(SYMBOL_SPACE);
}// for loop close2
delay(LETTER_SPACE);
}
delay(WORD_SPACE);
}// for loop close1
} // FUNCTION messagetocw() close
/*
SerialEvent occurs whenever a new data comes in the hardware serial RX. This routine is run between each time loop() runs, so using delay inside loop can delay response. Multiple bytes of data may be available.
*/
void serialEvent()
{
while (Serial.available()) {
// get the new byte:
char inChar = (char)Serial.read();
// add it to the inputString:
inputString += inChar;
// if the incoming character is a newline, set a flag so the main loop can
// do something about it:
if (inChar == '\n') {
stringComplete = true;
}
}
}
// thanks de vu3ave
// code complete
Thank you
Anish VR
VU3AVE
Mobile phone: 91 9995957776
vu3ave@gmail.com
Use this code as a reference, make changes as necessary
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